Essay on Illegal Immigration - 1966 Words

What Are The Negatives of Illegal Immigration in The U.S.? 1.) What I already know (and don’t know) about my topic I know that illegal immigration is a big topic that is always talked about in the United States. I know that some people believe it is a big problem, but others don’t think it is a problem at all. I know that illegal aliens come to our county for many different reasons. Some of them include work, to get a better life, or to escape a dangerous homeland. These immigrants have to come to this country illegally because the process to come legally is long and they may never be granted citizenship. I know that them coming to our country is hurting our economy. They come here and get jobs that could be going to unemployed U.S.†¦show more content†¦citizens? Many people don’t realize how much money illegal aliens actually cost legal citizens in the U.S. According to the Federation for American Immigration Reform (FAIR), illegal immigration cost tax payers $113 billion a year at the federal, state, and local level (Illegal Immigration). The majority of this goes to paying for the education of the illegals children. Another big part of this number being this high is the medical cost of all the aliens. If they get hurt they can go to the hospital and get treated. Since they are illegal they will most likely not pay their bill, and all the legal citizens are stuck paying for their medical care. Also hiring border patrol and getting high tech equipment is a big cost to the people in America. The government has to get motion cameras, infrared cameras, helicopters, and many other supplies to keep the crossing of illegals to a minimum. The illegals are not helping pay hardly any of this because they don’t pay taxes, and the ones t hat do pay taxes get most of it back in refunds. According to the Center for Immigration studies illegals pay much less in taxes than do legal citizens. The numbers show that illegals pay around $1,371on average in income taxes while legal citizens are paying o average $7,103 yearly (Camarota, Steven). People always complain about taxes being too high and illegal immigrants play a part in this problem. Immigration is also a danger to people living near the border and toShow MoreRelatedIllegal Immigration 1280 Words   |  6 PagesIllegal immigration has been a source of mounting concern in the United States since the 1970’s. Statistics indicate that the past ten years have witnessed an increase in the number of illegal immigrants with the number estimated to increase in the future. â€Å"The percentage of illegal immigrant population from Mexico was 59% (or 6.8 million) as of January 2013. Other countries with large amounts are El Salvador (660,000) Guatemala (52000), Hondorous (380,000) and China (280,000)† (Infoplease 1). TheRead MoreIllegal immigration2120 Words   |  9 PagesAlien Invasion Illegal immigration is widespread throughout the United States. There are 12 million or more illegal aliens in the United States, this number continues to rise (Swartz). This influx of illegal immigrants causes jobless Americans to lose out on opportunities. Employers choose to pay illegal immigrants lower wages than American workers. Is it right to pay illegal immigrants less than Americans to do the same job? Should the illegal immigrants be deported? Should border control be increasedRead MoreIllegal Immigration1753 Words   |  8 PagesIllegal Immigration The Economy of Illegal Immigration The Economy of Illegal Immigration Americans on a daily basis are bombarded with broadcasts from newspapers, television, and special interest groups on the economic burdens created by illegal immigrants. Reports and statistics of growing state and local deficits; is it fact or fiction? In reality, undocumented Mexicans are necessary to the health of our economy. They provide a workforce in agriculture they keep the costs down; theyRead MoreIllegal Immigration598 Words   |  3 Pagesl ARTICLE ON ILLEGAL IMMIGRATION Migration has always represented an important factor in society’s development. Ever since ancient times, people have been travelling around the world, some staying only for a while, some choosing to set (A SE STABILI) in certain areas, getting married and starting a family with a local partner. Consequently, cultures and languages mixed and this is how powerful nations like England, The USA, Germany were born. This phenomenon of migration also takes place nowadaysRead MoreIllegal Immigration1709 Words   |  7 PagesIllegal Immigration: The Undocumented Issue In this paper I will discuss one of the biggest issues in the United States: Illegal immigrants. Some may say that illegal immigration has a positive impact on the United States’ economy, and some think that these undocumented immigrants affect jobs and wages of people that are living in this country. I think that illegal immigrants harm the United States’ economy through their use of our country’s social services such as health care, education andRead MoreIllegal Immigration : Illegal Immigrants949 Words   |  4 PagesIllegal immigrants have been a hot topic lately due to the popularity of this topic amongst the Republican Presidential Nominees, especially Donald Trump. These illegal immigrants bring various things to this country when they come. Some things are positive, such as a family simply seeking to find a better life, while some things are harmful to the United States, such as the amount of crime among illegal immigrants. In July 2015, the most recen t estimate of illegal immigrants was 11.2 million. ThisRead MoreIllegal Immigrants And Illegal Immigration1286 Words   |  6 Pages Undocumented Immigration An analysis of illegal immigration in the United States reveals one challenge facing the banks and other institutions: whether to provide banking and other services to the illegal immigrants or to treat them as criminals because they are illegal and therefore, not to provide them with banking and other services. The articles, â€Å"Crossing the Line† by Stein and â€Å"Illegal Immigrants – They’re Money,† by Rodriguez discuss the impact of illegal immigration in the United StatesRead MoreIllegal Immigration And Illegal Immigrants1335 Words   |  6 PagesIllegal immigration has been one of the main topics during the last three presidential election. Many bills and laws have been passed in order to keep them out but is it really necessary to neglect illegal immigrant? Most Americans believe that illegal immigrants are only people of Mexicans or Latin American descent but illegal immigrants can be from any race or country. Illegal immigration is defined by United States Department of Homeland Security as â€Å"†¦ all foreign-born non-citizens who are notRead MoreIllegal Immigrants And Illegal Immigration964 Words   |  4 PagesA. Attention Step (quotation, question, or story) About four months ago in government class, we had a class discussion. The topic was illegal immigration. One student said that America should send the illegal immigrants back to their country because they are taking American’s jobs. He stated that he would send his dad back to Mexico because he is an illegal immigrant. Going around the circle that we created, everyone gave their opinions, most disagreed, but some agreed with the student. When itRead MoreIllegal Immigrants : Illegal Immigration1155 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction Illegal Immigration is a huge topic especially in 2017, bringing in different aspects about illegal immigrants. Illegal immigrants are told to be killers, drug dealers, job stealers and whom also hurt the U.S. economy. Is this true? Could it possibly be that they do all of this to hurt the United States? Or could it be that they truly come here for the American Dream? On one side of people’s perspectives illegal immigrants come here to help provide for their family and don’t take

Racism In To Kill A Mockingbird Essay - 1457 Words

Stop. Think for a moment of the privileges many obtain. Think of the upper hand many have. Now imagine it all disappearing. Imagine people judging others based on how they looked. Imagine being treated like dirt for something that is uncontrollable. Just imagine. Some particularly black people might not have to think to hard. Through the years they have been sought out for and disrespected just because of their appearance. Back then the treatment was horrible but has been able to improve due to figures shining a light on the issues. Harper Lee is a highly respected character. She is able to show the effects and ugly side of racism in To Kill a Mockingbird. Throughout Lee brings out racism by using connections to the Jim Crow laws, mob†¦show more content†¦There is also a division between the two races due to the laws. In many cases if black and white people are in the same area the whites will get privileges and attention. To illustrate the author writes â€Å"Reverend Syk es came puffing behind us, and steered us gently through the black people in the balcony. Four Negroes rose and gave up their front-row seats† (Lee 219). The black people are always left with lower quality option. Calpurnias church is a good representation of the attitudes toward them. Jem and Scout are used to their high quality church, and when they walk in to Calpurnia’s they immediately are able to see the difference in the two. The black communitys church is run down unpainted, dim, and barely decorated. The Jim Crow laws are not only one of the unjust of race discrimination we see in To Kill a Mockingbird: mob mentality is also present. Lee is able to incorporate mob mentality to help get across the discrimination of black people. Mobs are made from day to day people who get sucked in, and cannot control themselves or others. For example the author states â€Å"Being part of a group can destroy people’s inhibitions, making them do things they’d neve r otherwise do. They lose their individual values and principles and adopt the group’s principles† (Edmonds). Their mentality is usually that since others are doing it they will not get noticed. Many believe if such a large group is supporting it thenShow MoreRelatedTo Kill a Mockingbird Essay About Racism795 Words   |  4 PagesBurrell Period 5 TKAM Essay 10/6/09 (Re-Write 10/24/09) To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee depicts racism in the 1930’s and shows the characters had to overcome challenges because of it. The 1930’s was a difficult time to live in because of racism against African Americans and the depression, where thousands of people lost their jobs. The idea â€Å"an extraordinary challenge can sometimes make an ordinary person into a hero† shows that anyone in To Kill a Mockingbird could have been a hero,Read MoreEssay On Racism In To Kill A Mockingbird970 Words   |  4 PagesRacism in the United States of America, especially the South, in the 1930s was exceptionally different from the racism that America is experiencing today. In the compelling novel â€Å"To Kill A Mockingbird,† by Harper Lee, hating or disliking a person that has a different skin color was an extremely common thing, and was accepted as normal; especially in the southern states. The majority of white children were brought up to think that they were more superior than black children in their households, andRead MoreEssay On Racism In To Kill A Mockingbird1561 Words   |  7 Pagesdisproportionately make up more than half of the prison population. There is indisputable racism in this country, and the world of Harper Lee’s To Kill A Mockingbird displays this in a very obvious light. Racism has been around for centuries, it has changed and reformed itself. Racism cannot not be solved overnight, but it can be solved with positive and immediate steps and actions. Society as a whole is highly capable of overcoming racism. Therefore, the belief that it will never change and that the society willRead MoreRacism In To Kill A Mockingbird Essay729 Words   |  3 Pagesand thought you had no meaning to live or even get near them. Having everything separate from whites and where you were accused of anything or anything if you were near.This was how people in Maycomb County used to live in the 1930’s. In â€Å"To Kill a Mock ingbird† that is how most people lived except the Finch family who thought everyone was created equal no matter the color of their skin. When Cal took Scout and Jem to her church that was on the day Reverend Sykes wanted the church to give money toRead MoreRacism In To Kill A Mockingbird Essay902 Words   |  4 Pagesyoung narrator of Lee Harper’s To Kill a Mockingbird, poses a fair question on the topic of racism in the southern town of Maycomb, Alabama. The narrative talks of a situation similar to historical events whose impact is still seen in the United States today. Aspects of real-life events involving cases based on race, such as all-white juries, clear evidence that is ignored, and no justice being served, influenced Harper Lee’s fictional novel of To Kill a Mockingbird. In Scottsboro, a small town inRead MoreThe Theme of Racism in To Kill a Mockingbird Essay1050 Words   |  5 PagesIn the book To Kill a Mockingbird, many minor themes are present such as gender and age. However, the largest and therefore major theme of the book is racism. All of the events and themes in the book had only one purpose, to support the theme of racism. One of the most important events in the book was Tom Robinson’s trial, which was unfairly judged due to the fact that the jury could not see beyond the color of Tom’s skin. The put their own racist opinions ahead of what is right and just. One ofRead MoreRacism and Discrimination in to Kill a Mockingbird Essay870 Words   |  4 PagesRacism and Discrimination as the theme in To Kill A Mockingbird To Kill a Mockingbird written by Harper Lee is a Pulitzer Prize winning novel, that offers a view of life through a young girl’s eyes. The novel is focused on two main themes which are racism and discrimination. Racism is probably the biggest theme of the novel. It comes in as an open and subtle manner that is being displayed through speeches and actions. Racism in Maycomb takes mainly the form of having white people against blackRead MoreRacism in To Kill a Mockingbird, by Harper Lee Essay1497 Words   |  6 PagesRacism was a very large part of society in the south during the 1930’s. Many colored people were thought of as less than their peers. Whites were considered better than African Americans were, and almost every white person accepted the unjust judgment. Racial discrimination hit hard in the south. Many of the characters in To Kill a Mockingbird were impacted by racial discrimination, including Calpurnia, Scout, and Tom Robinson and his family. One of the more â€Å"accepted† sorts of racism in theRead MoreRacism in To Kill a Mockingbird, by Harper Lee Essay866 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"To Kill A Mockingbird† is marvelous and unforgettable novel. Not only show how dramatic, sad in and old town – Maycomb be like, but through her unique writings, some big conflicts about politics and critical is going on through this tired old Southern town. Not just in general like education, friendship, neighbors but also pacific in individuals like family and the people’s characteristics themselves. In one book yet can covered with such many problems, Harper Lee must have been experienced a lotRead MoreRacism in To Kill A Mockingbird by Harper Lee Essay530 Words   |  3 PagesColor Doesnt Matter Racism was very â€Å"popular† as you should say back in the 1930’s . Whites had all the power while blacks and other minorities were suppose to fear them. In Maycomb , Alabama racism was around and had effects on citizens. Segregating whites from blacks is a horrid thing. It’s inhuman to say youre better than someone else because of their skin color. We as humans are equal some may be more wealthy than others but when it all comes down to it we will all go in the same box in the

Comparing Regional Embroidries Free Essays

Three Types of Embroidery Kashida Kari of Kashmir Kashida has taken it roots from the word Kashmir. KASH means water channel and MIR means mountain. KASHIDA KARI means work of water channel. We will write a custom essay sample on Comparing Regional Embroidries or any similar topic only for you Order Now Kashmiri embroidery has become world renowned, largely through it superb shawls. All the fact Kashmir incomparable beauty seems to be reflected its needle work. The shawl industry flourished during the rule of Sultan Zain-ul-Abiden during 15th century. He brought craftsman from Persia to revive the existing art. The demand for Kashmiri shawls increased during Mughal rule. Motifs A large variety of flowers of tremendous colors, shape, size, namely lily, tulip, saffron, iris, bunches of grapes, apple, cherries, plums, birds like kingfisher, parrot, wood pecker, magpie, canary all appears in kashida kari. China leaf is the motif most abundantly used along with Cyprus tree. Many beautiful colored butterflies found in sanctuary and valley has occupied an important place in kashida. Animal and human figures are not found in kashida kari of Kashmir. Embroidery Threads Embroidery thread employed earlier was fine quality woolen yarn. Gradually woolen yarn were replaced by the each and lustrous silk thread. The bright, gorgeous in expensive art silk [rayon] has entered the industry by replacing the expensive silk threads. Colors Used The embroidery is comprised of wide spectrum of colors of light and dark shade such as crimson red, scarlet red, blue, yellow, green, purple, black and brown. Earlier, yarn was locally dyed by embroider himself, with the help of natural ingredients. PHULKARI The art of phulkari has its origin in the early part of the 19th century when the ODHNI or head cloth was highlighted with embodied flowers. The embroidery is very simple but the color combination, stitches and the patterns makes it spectacular and gorgeous. It is made on all sorts of cloth and is used in various ways. Bright colors are always preferred when it comes to phulkari, because it refers to flowers and gardens. The main colors used are yellow, red, green, orange, pink and blue. The most interesting part of phulkari is that no different shades are used for shading purpose, rather, it is done with the horizontal, diagonal, and vertical stitches . the shiny threads reflect different shades in different directions. Thread Soft, glossy, untwisted silk thread is employed for the stitching, which is supplied from Kashmir, Afghanistan and Bengal, which is called â€Å"PAI†. Phulkari And Its Types This is a red colored cloth that has phulkari on the border and edges and is presented to a bride by her grandmother just before the wedding. Vari-da-Bagh It is a red colored cloth, which has embroidery in small patterns all over in yellow, denoting fertility and happiness. Along the border, patterns are smaller and beautifully designed in different color thread. Ghunghat-Bagh/Sari-Pallu It is usually used to cover the head as a symbol of respect for elders. There is embroidery on the small borders on all the four sides. A larger triangular motif is embroidered at the center, making it beautiful. Darsha-Dwar It is a gate that gives a view of deity. It is basically embodied to be presented in the temple or gurudwara. Satarangi A seven colored PHULKARI. Kantha of Bengal; Kantha means throat. The origin of kantha traces its history to a period not less than thousand years. In East-Bengal kantha was a personal expression of arts and crafts that was made spontaneously. A real kantha is able to narrate a story, and is much more compact in design and it is made out of used material. Motif The kantha of individual is unique by itself. Because it is always the craftsman’s creation, ideas, innovation, taste of fancies, and art of executing how fresh form, designs, figures, and motifs. However some basic traditional designs are commonly seen in each piece of their work. Their motifs are composed of heterogeneous objects like various types of lotus flower, mandala, satadala, Padma tree, foilage, floral scrolls, kalkas, animal and human figure, spiral, bird, fish, and boat. There are different types of kanthas and are named according to its utility. Arshilata It is used as a cover or wrap for mirror, comb, and other accessories. It is a narrow rectangular piece. It has a wide border and central motif. The lotuses, trees, inverted triangles, are some commonly used motifs. Bayton A three feet square piece serves as a wrap for books and similar valuables. It has a central motif usually the lotus with hundred petals called SAFADALA PUDMA. The traditional and folk design of oldest style in bayton is mandala. Durgon Square piece which is used a wallet cover. It has a central lotus motif, with an elaborated border. The three corners of this piece are drawn together inwards to make the tips to touch at the center and are sewn together like an envelope. Sujani It is used as spread during ceremonial occasions. This rectangular piece is divided into nine equal parts, and the motifs are distributed accordingly. Colors This colorful embroidery is made with yellow, green, blue, red, and black color thread. Mainly traditional colors like black, deep blue and red which symbolizes three basic qualities and also corresponds to the three aspects of nature i. . earth, sky and space. Thread Threads used in kantha are usually pulled out from worn sarees, or cotton thread is used. Comparing Three Types The darn stitch is used in PHULKARI, while the base material for embroidery has traditionally been hand spun, hand woven, and natural dyed khadi. Whereas, the novel-ness of the Kashmiri embroidery is that the whole pattern is created using one or two embro idery stitch style. The base cloth used in Kashmiri embroidery is cotton or wool. Running stitch is used for making simple quilt. The traditional form of kantha embroidery was done with soft dhotis and saris, with a simple running stitch running along the edges. Motifs used in kantha embroidery are human and animal figures, floral symbols, which cover the surface from the corner. Different patterns like fishes, birds, Kalka, mandola, mythological stories are also figured. Comparatively, motifs used in Kashmiri embroidery do not include animals or human figure, but floral motifs, birds, parrots, canary, green plums, almonds, cherries are commonly used. Whereas in phulkari fauna and flora motifs, peacock, red chilies, ace of diamond are used. Lotus motif is used in all three types of embroidery. Their source of inspiration is nature. The ways in which motifs are used make the three embroideries completely different from each other. They have their own unique features. The colors used in phulkari are bright like golden yellow, crimson red, bright orange, green, blue and pink. The colors found in kashida kari are white, purple, ferozi, yellow, black and scarlet. In kantha traditional colors are used like blue, green, yellow, red, and black. All three embroideries have many common features, yet they have their own unique style. How to cite Comparing Regional Embroidries, Essay examples

Gay Dennis Essay Research Paper More About free essay sample

Gay Dennis Essay, Research Paper More About The 1968 Tet Offensive For several thousand old ages, Vietnamese Lunar New Year has been a traditional jubilation that brings the Vietnamese a sense of felicity, hope and peace. However, in recent old ages, It besides convey back a acrimonious memory full of cryings. It reminds them the 1968 bloodshed, a bloody military run of the Vietnam War the North Communists launched against the South. The # 8220 ; general offense and general rebellion # 8221 ; of the North marked the crisp bend of the Vietnam War. Today there have been a great figure of Hagiographas about this event. However, it seems that many cardinal facts in the Communist run are still misinterpreted or neglected. In the mid-80, populating in Saigon after being released from the Communist # 8220 ; re-education cantonment, # 8221 ; I read a book published in the early 1980 # 8217 ; s in America about the narrative of the 1968 Tet Offensive. It said that the North Vietnamese Army supreme bid had imitated one of the greatest heroes of Vietnam, King Quang Trung, who won the most dramatic triumph over the Chinese attackers in the 1789 counter-attack # 8211 ; in be aftering the 1968 operations. The book quoted King Quang Trung # 8217 ; s tactic of surprise. He let the military personnels celebrate the 1789 Tet Festival one twenty-four hours in front so that he could establish the onslaughts on the first three yearss of the lunar new twelvemonth while the Chinese military personnels were still banqueting and non ready to form their defence. Those who claimed the similarity between the two runs surely did non cognize the whole truth, but jumped into decision with wild imaginativeness after larning that the North Vietnamese assailing units besides celebrated Tet # 8220 ; one twenty-four hours in front # 8221 ; before the onslaughts. In fact, the Tet Offensive broke out on the Tet # 8217 ; s Eve # 8211 ; in the early forenoon of January 30, 1968 at many metropoliss of Central Vietnam, such as Da Nang and Qui Nhon, every bit good as metropoliss in the cardinal coastal and upland countries, that lied within the Communist 5th Military Region.. The other metropoliss to the South that included Saigon, were attacked 24 hours subsequently at the little hours of January 31. Thus the violative lost its component of entire surprise that every tactician has to esteem. But It surprised me that some in the American media were still unaware of such tragic narrative. The narrative started some 5 months antecedently. On August 8, 1967, the North Vietnam authorities approved a lunar calendar specifically compiled for the seventh clip zone that covers all Vietnam, replacing the traditional lunar calendar that had been in usage in Asia for 100s of old ages. That old calendar was calculated for the 8th clip zone that Beijing falls right in the center. It was accepted in general by a few states such as China, Vietnam, Taiwan, Hong Kong and slightly in Japan and Korea, largely for traditional jubilations and spiritual intents. South Vietnam used this calendar. With common cultural beginning, these states needed non hold their ain calendar, peculiarly it has non been used for scientific and administrative activities. The North Vietnam new lunar calendar differs from the common calendar about some day of the months, such as the leap months of certain twelvemonth ( 1984 and 1987 ) and the Tet # 8217 ; s Eve of the three Lunar New Old ages: Mau Than ( 1968 ) , Ky Dau ( 1969 ) and At Suu ( 1985 ) . South Vietnam celebrated the first twenty-four hours of the Mau Than lunar twelvemonth on January 30, 1968, while North Vietnam celebrated it on Jan 29, 1968. It was evidently that the North Vietnamese leaders had ordered the offenses to be launched on the dark of the first twenty-four hours of Tet to take the aims by entire surprise. By some ground, the North Vietnamese Army Supreme Command was non cognizant of the fact that there were different day of the months for Tet between North and South Vietnam. Therefore, most NVA units in the Communist 5th Military Region # 8211 ; closer to North Vietnam # 8211 ; likely used North Vietnamese calendar, and conducted their onslaughts in the dark between Jan 29 and 30, while their companions further to the south attacked in the dark from Jan 30 to 31. Many in the intelligence subdivision of the South Vietnamese Armed Forces were good cognizant of the ground why the Communist forces launched their onslaughts at two different day of the months. Information from beginnings among NVA captives of war and ralliers about the new calendar of North Vietnam should hold been neglected by the American side. The information was besides available in broadcast from Hanoi Radio. In military operations, nil is more of import than surprise. So the Communist forces lost their advantage of surprise on more than half of the aims. Had the Vietnamese Communists conducted their co-ordinated onslaughts at the same H-hour, South Vietnam would hold been in much more problems. The big graduated table violative resulted in drastic homo and morale losingss of the Communist forces. However, the offense caused an utmost negative consequence in the American public sentiment and boosted the more acrimonious protests against the war. Until recently, the Ha Noi propaganda and political indoctrination system has ever claimed the Tet offensive their military triumph, and neer insisted on their triumph over the morale of the American public.. Obviously, Ha Noi leaders won a priceless triumph at an unintended aim. In South Vietnam, on the contrary, the violative created an unexpected attitude among the people. After the first few hours of terror, the South Vietnamese armed forces reacted ferociously. There were 100s of narratives of brave soldiers and little units who fought their enemies with unbelievable courage.. A big figure of those who were playing fence-sitters particularly in the part around Hue City so took side with the patriot authorities. Several mass Gravess were found where 1000s unarmed soldiers, civil retainers and civilians were shot, stabbed, or with skulls mashed by nines and buried in strings of ropes, even buried alive. A big figure of VC-sympathizers who saw the atrocious Gravess, undeniable grounds of the Communist barbaric offenses, changed side. The most important indicant of such attitude could be observed from the figures of immature voluntaries. to fall in the ground forces. After the first moving ridge of Communist onslaughts, a great figure of young person under bill of exchange age # 8211 ; below 20 old ages old # 8211 ; voluntarily enrolled in the ground forces for combat units, so high that 1000s of immature conscripts were delayed describing for boot cantonments. On the Communist side, the figure of ralliers known as # 8220 ; chieu hoi # 8221 ; increased about four times. The violative contrivers seemingly expected the alleged # 8220 ; people resurrecting, # 8221 ; so most secret cells were ordered to emerge. When the assailing units were crushed, cell members had to fly to the green woods. Thus the Tet offense helped South Vietnam neutralize much of the Communist substructure before the Phoenix Campaign got rid of many others. Unfortunately, such accomplishments were nullified by the moving ridges of protests in America. As in any other developing states, cipher takes attentiveness of a address from a Vietnamese functionary. But the same thing from an American solon or even a dissenter could be good listened to and trusted. So information from the Western media produced rumours that the USA was about to sell off South Vietnam to the Communist blocks. The rumours were about perfectly believable to the Vietnamese peculiarly the military military mans of all ranks # 8211 ; because of another rumor that until now have a really powerful impact on the head of a great figure of the South Vietnamese. There have been no canvass on the topic, but it was estimated that more than half of the soldiers strongly believed that # 8220 ; it was the Americans who helped the Communist onslaught the South Vietnamese cities. # 8221 ; Hundreds of officers from all over South Vietnam asserted that they # 8220 ; saw # 8221 ; NVA soldiers traveling into the metropoliss on US Army trucks, or American choppers transporting supplies to NVA units. In Saigon, most people accepted the allegation that the Americans intentionally allow the Communists infiltrate the capital metropolis because the American electronic detector defence system around Saigon was able to observe things every bit little as a mouse traversing the high-tech fencings. Another rumor among the South Vietnamese military ran that # 8220 ; none of the American military units or installing and bureaus armed forces or civilian # 8211 ; was under Communist first stage of the violative ( February ) except for the US Embassy. And merely after about three hebdomads did the US Marines engaged in the conflict of Hue, in the old Royal Palace # 8221 ; The allegation seemed to be true. The American combat units, nevertheless, were contending ferocious conflicts in stage 2 ( May 1968 ) and phase 3 ( September 1968 ) . Similar rumours might hold been of no importance if they were in America.But in Vietnam, they did convert a batch of people. In the military, they dealt lifelessly blows on the soldiers # 8217 ; morale. Their impacts still lingered on until the last yearss of April 1975. The truth in the rumours did non matter much. But the fact that a great Numberss of the contending work forces strongly believed the rumours turned them into a deathly psychological arm which really few or possibly none has of all time decently treated in writU.S Involvement in the Vietnam War # 8220 ; No new taxes. # 8221 ; This is a quotation mark that most all of us remember from the 1992 presidential election. Along with it we retrieve that there were new revenue enhancements during that presidents term in office. There are a myriad of promises made and things done in a presidential election twelvemonth that have questionable motivations as to whether they are done in the best involvement of the people or in the involvements of the presidential campaigner. Th ese hidden involvements are one of the biggest jobs with the political facets of authorities in modern society. One of the premier illustrations of this is the Vietnam War. Although South Vietnam asked for our aid, which we had antecedently promised, the full struggle was managed in order to run into personal political docket and to stay politically right in the universe # 8217 ; s eyes instead than to convey a quick and decisive terminal to the struggle. This can be seen in the selective bombardment of Hanoi throughout the class of the Vietnam War. Politically this scheme looked really good. However, militarily it was farcical. War is the one sphere in which politicians have no topographic point. War is the military # 8217 ; s sole intent. Therefore, the U. S. Military should be allowed to behavior any war, struggle, or constabularies action that it has been committed to without political intervention or control because of the jobs and hidden involvements which are ever present when covering with polit United States engagement in the Vietnam War really began in 1950 when the U. S. began to subsidise the Gallic Army in South Vietnam. This engagement continued to intensify throughout the 1950 # 8217 ; s and into the early 1960 # 8217 ; s. On August 4, 1964 the Gulf of Tonkin incident occurred in which American Naval Vessels in South Vietnamese Waterss were fired upon by North Vietnam. On August 5, 1964 President Johnson requested a declaration showing the finding of the United Sates in back uping freedom and in protecting peace in southeast Asia ( Johnson ) . On August 7, 1964, in response to the presidential petition, Congress authorized President Johnson to take all necessary steps to drive any onslaught and to forestall aggression against the U. S. in southeast Asia ( United States ) . The selective bombardment of North Vietnam began instantly in response to this declaration. In March of the undermentioned twelvemonth U. S. military personnels began to get. Although the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution specifically stated that we had no military, political, or territorial aspirations in southeast Asia, the involvements back place were rather a different narrative ( Johnson ) . The political engagement in Vietnam was approximately much more than merely promised assistance to a weak state in order to forestall the spread of communism. It was about money. After all, wars require equipment, guns, tools and machinery. Most of which was produced in the United States. It was about turn outing America # 8217 ; s committedness to halt communism. Or instead to restrict communism in its present boundaries But most of all it was about political relations. The presidential political engagement in Vietnam had small to make with Vietnam at all. It was about China for Eisenhower, approximately Russia for Kennedy, about Washington D.C. for Johnson, and about himself for Nixon ( Post ) . The last two of which were the major participants in America # 8217 ; s engagement in respects to U. S. Troops being used ( Wittman ) . The military engagement in Vietnam is straight related to the political direction of the military throughout the war. The armed forces controlled by the politicians. The micro direction of the military by the White House for political addition is the primary ground for both the length and cost, both pecuniary and human, of the Vietnam War ( Pelland ) . One of the largest jobs was the deficiency of a clear aim in the war and the support to carry through it. The prevailing military sentiment of the military # 8217 ; s function in Vietnam in regard to the political engagement is seen in the undermentioned quotation mark by General Colin Powell, # 8220 ; If you # 8217 ; re traveling to set into something so you owe the armed forces, you owe the American People, you owe merely you # 8217 ; rhenium ain desire to win, a clear statement of what political objective you # 8217 ; re seeking to accomplish and so you put the sufficient force to that aim so that you know when you # 8217 ; ve accomplished it. # 8221 ; The politicians dictated the war in Vietnam, it was a limited war, the armed forces was neer allowed to contend the war in the mode that they thought that they needed to in order to win it ( Baker ) . To reason on the Vietnam War, the political direction of the war made it unwinnable. The armed forces was at the clemency of politicians who knew really small about what needed to be done militarily in order to win the war. There is an tremendous difference between political judgement and military judgement. This difference is the primary ground for the result of the Vietnam War ( Schwarzkopf ) . The Gulf War in the Middle East was about the exact face-to-face in regard to the political influence on the war. In regard to the military aim of the war the two are comparatively similar. The aim was to emancipate a weaker state from their attacker. The United Nation # 8217 ; s declaration was explicit in its diction sing military force in the Iranian Gulf. The declaration specifically stated # 8220 ; by all agencies necessary. # 8221 ; ( Schwarzkopf ) . The President was really cognizant of the jobs with political direction of warfare throughout the war. He was really determined to allow the military call the shootings about how the war was conducted. He made a specific attempt to forestall the suggestion that civilians were traveling to seek to run the war ( Baker ) . Painful lessons had been learned in the Vietnam War, which was still fresh on the heads of many of those involved in this war ( Baker ) . The armed forces was given full control to utilize force as they proverb tantrum. Many of the top military leaders had besides been involved in the Vietnam War. These work forces exhibited a really strong neer once more attitude throughout the planning phases of this war. General Schwarzkopf made the undermentioned statement about the proposed bombardment of Iraq in respects to the limited bombardment in Vietnam, # 8220 ; I had no uncertainty we would bomb Iraq if I was traveling to be the Military Commander. # 8221 ; He went on to state that it would be perfectly stupid to travel into a military run against his, Iraq # 8217 ; s, forces who had a enormous advantage on us on the land, Numberss wise. It would be farcical non to contend the war in the air as much, if non more, than on the land ( Schwarzkopf ) . The consequence of the Gulf War in which the armed forces was given control, as we know, was a speedy, decisive triumph. There were many other factors involved in this than merely the military being given control, peculiarly in contrast to Vietnam, but the military holding control played a major portion in this triumph. In decision, although there are some major differences between the two struggles one fact can be seen really clearly. That is the fact that the armed forces is best suited for carry oning wars. Politicians are non. It is non the topographic point of a politicians to be involved in the determination doing procedure in respects to war or military scheme. The White House has important control in military affairs. That control should be used to assist the military in accomplishing its ends as it was in the Gulf War where George Bush said specifically to allow the military do its occupation. The lone option to this is to utilize political influence in the ege Station. 9-10 Jan. 1996. # 8220 ; Interview with Secretary of State, James Baker. # 8221 ; Frontline WGBH Educational Foundation. PBS, College Station. 9-10 Jan. 1996. Johnson, Lyndon B. # 8220 ; The Tonkin Gulf Incident. # 8221 ; Message to Congress. Aug. 5, 1964. Department of State Bulletin 24 Aug. 1964: n.p. Leyden, Andrew P. # 8220 ; The Operation Desert Storm Debriefing Book # 8221 ; Internet Page. University of Notre Dame Law School. 15 Feb. 1995. Pelland, Paul. Electronic mail to the writer. 25 June 1996. Post, James N. E-mail to the writer. 26 June 1996 Roush, Gary. Statisticss about the Vietnam War Internet Page. Nov. 1993. United States, Joint Resolution of Congress H. J. RES 1145. Aug. 7, 1964. Department of State Bulletin 24 Aug. 1965. Wittman, Sandra M. # 8220 ; Chronology of the Vietnam War. # 8221 ; Vietnam: Yesterday and Today Oakton Community College. Skokie, Illinois. 16 May 1996: n.p.ings about the Vietnam War. Most writers studied the war at high echelons, but neglected the morale of the vaulting horse genitalias and the consequence of the media in the Vietnam War. No military program even by top strategians in the White House could win if half of the genitalias believed that they would be defeated before long. So why should they travel on combat? For old ages, I have been inquiring how much the American populace was uninformed about the Vietnam War. From # 8220 ; My War # 8221 ; ( unpublished ) by L.T. Bibliography Johnson, Lyndon B. # 8220 ; The Tonkin Gulf Incident. # 8221 ; Message to Congress. Aug. 5, 1964. Department of State Bulletin 24 Aug. 1964: n.p. Leyden, Andrew P. # 8220 ; The Operation Desert Storm Debriefing Book # 8221 ; Internet Page. University of Notre Dame Law School. 15 Feb. 1995. Pelland, Paul. Electronic mail to the writer. 25 June 1996. Post, James N. E-mail to the writer. 26 June 1996 Roush, Gary. Statisticss about the Vietnam War Internet Page. Nov. 1993. United States, Joint Resolution of Congress H. J. RES 1145. Aug. 7, 1964. Department of State Bulletin 24 Aug. 1965. Wittman, Sandra M. # 8220 ; Chronology of the Vietnam War. # 8221 ; Vietnam: Yesterday and Today Oakton Community College. Skokie, Illinois. 16 May 1996: n.p.ings about the Vietnam War. Most writers studied the war at high echelons, but neglected the morale of the vaulting horse genitalias and the consequence of the media in the Vietnam War. No military program even by top strategians in the White House could win if half of the genitalias believed that they would be defeated before long. So why should they travel on combat? For old ages, I have been inquiring how much the American populace was uninformed about the Vietnam War. From # 8220 ; My War # 8221 ; ( unpublished ) by L.T.

Anatomy essays

Anatomy essays The esophagus is a strait tube about 25 centimeters long. Its function is to provide a passageway for substances from the pharynx to the stomach. It penetrates the diaphragm through an opening and is continuous with the stomach on the abdominal side. Circular muscle fibers at the distal end help prevent the regurgitation of food from the stomach. The liver is located in the upper right and central portions of the abdominal cavity, just below the diaphragm and is partially surrounded by the ribs. It is reddish brown in color and well supplied with blood vessels. The functions of the liver include maintaining the normal concentration of blood glucose. The livers effects on lipid metabolism include oxidizing fatty acids at an especially high rate. The liver also deaminates amino acids, synthesizing various blood proteins, including several that are necessary for blood clotting. The large intestine is divided into 4 sections-the ascending, transverse, descending, and sigmoid colons. The large intestine has little or no digestive function unlike the small intestine, however it secretes mucus. The rate of mucus secretion is controlled by mechanical stimulation and parasympathetic impulses. The absorption into the large intestine is generally limited to water and electrolytes. Many bacteria inhabit the large intestine and may help the body by synthesizing certain vitamins. The stomach is divided into cardiac, fundic body, and pyloric regions. The stomach receives food, mixes it with gastric juice, carries on a limited amount of absorption, and moves food into small intestine. ...

Gutierrez Surname Meaning and Origin

Gutierrez Surname Meaning and Origin Gutierrez is a patronymic name meaning son of Gutierre (son of Walter). Gutierre is a given name meaning he who rules. Gutierrez is the 24th most common Hispanic surname. Surname Origin Spanish Alternate Surname Spellings GUTIERRES, GUTERREZ, GUTERRES, GUTEREZ, GUTERES, BUTIERREZ, BUTIERRES Famous People With the Surname GUTIERREZ Richard Gutierrez - Filipino film and television actor and commercial modelRuffa Gutierrez - Filipina actress, model and beauty queen, Ms. WorldSidney M. Gutierrez - retired USAF colonel and NASA astronaut Genealogy Resources for the Surname GUTIERREZ: 100 Most Common U.S. Surnames Their MeaningsSmith, Johnson, Williams, Jones, Brown... Are you one of the millions of Americans sporting one of these top 100 common last names from the 2000 census? Gutierrez Family Genealogy ForumSearch this popular genealogy forum for the Gutierrez surname to find others who might be researching your ancestors, or post your own Gutierrez query. FamilySearch - GUTIERREZ GenealogyFind records, queries, and lineage-linked family trees posted for the Gutierrez surname and its variations. GUTIERREZ Surname Family Mailing ListsRootsWeb hosts several free mailing lists for researchers of the Gutierrez surname. Cousin Connect - GUTIERREZ Genealogy QueriesRead or post genealogy queries for the surname Gutierrez, and sign up for free notification when new Gutierrez queries are added. DistantCousin.com - GUTIERREZ Genealogy Family HistoryFree databases and genealogy links for the last name Gutierrez. References: Surname Meanings Origins Cottle, Basil. Penguin Dictionary of Surnames. Baltimore, MD: Penguin Books, 1967.Menk, Lars. A Dictionary of German Jewish Surnames. Avotaynu, 2005.Beider, Alexander. A Dictionary of Jewish Surnames from Galicia. Avotaynu, 2004.Hanks, Patrick and Flavia Hodges. A Dictionary of Surnames. Oxford University Press, 1989.Hanks, Patrick. Dictionary of American Family Names. Oxford University Press, 2003.Smith, Elsdon C. American Surnames. Genealogical Publishing Company, 1997.

The effect of smoking Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 2

The effect of smoking - Essay Example Excessive smoking leads to discoloring of the smokers teeth where they turn brown or yellow in color. This is an effect that may not be realized in the early smoking stages, but it becomes observable over the years. Smoking can as well ruin the finances of an individual. Smokers tend to ignore their basic expenses thus giving preference to expenditure on cigarettes. To curb this surging problem, certain nations have increased taxes on cigarettes. This increased the prices of the cigarettes making it unaffordable to smokers. This has led to an increase in spending on cigarette smoking as the smokers continue to smoke the same number of cigarettes in a day. Cigarettes smoking increased the risk of heart attacks and lung cancers. The tar in the tobacco coats the lungs forming soot that eventually lead to development of lung cancer. Heart attacks are associated with the increase in the rate of the heart rate which strains the heart and the blood vessels (Graves, 34). This thus has a profound effect on the heart which may lead to heart attacks. These are some of the reasons due to which smokers should quit smoking and engage in more productive and healthy activities. The harmful effects of smoking on the smokers are staggering. Unless the smokers quit they will be exposed to these hazardous effects which may even lead to their early

Reasons for the Increasing Divorce Rates in America Essay

Reasons for the Increasing Divorce Rates in America - Essay Example This paper briefly analyses various reasons for the increased divorce rates in America.    Money is believed to be one of the major reasons for causing divorce. Couples may have different views, opinions, and perceptions about the spending of money. Suppose Mr. X has lavish spending habits. He may not worry much about saving money for the future needs of the family. He may spend whatever he earns and may not bother much about saving something for future expenses like the education of his children. On the other hand, Mrs. X could be more interested in saving money for the future by reducing the unnecessary expenditure since she was more aware of future needs. It is quite possible that conflicts develop in such families and these contrasting views about money spending may finally lead them towards a divorce. Alcohol addiction or drug addiction is another major reason for divorce. As stated in the earlier example, suppose Mr. X is addicted to alcohol or drugs. It is difficult for Mrs. X to adjust with such habits of her husband, even if she is more liberal and modern in her thoughts. Addiction can lead Mr. X towards a crazy life and sometimes he may abuse his wife or children. It is difficult for a modern woman to sacrifice her entire life for an addicted husband. Mrs. X may wait for some time, in anticipation that her husband may rectify his mistake sooner than later; however, if Mr. X has no plans to get rid of his bad habits, Mrs. X may file the divorce petition. The third possible reasons for divorce could be sexual problems. Either the husband or the wife may have more interests in sexual activities. Sex is a divine activity which should be performed on mutual consent. Sometimes the husband or the wife may have over interests in sexual activities and he/she may force his/her partner for sexual activities without considering the interests of the partner. In some cases, either of them may force the partner to engage in unnatural sexual activities which may develop displeasure and thoughts about divorce. Extramarital affairs could be another possible reason for divorce. The strength of family life lies in mutual love and trust.  

Bibliographical Study of Giovanni Boccaccio Essay

Bibliographical Study of Giovanni Boccaccio - Essay Example Giovanni Boccaccio spent his boyhood in the hills about Settignago in the woods above the Mensola and the valley of the Affrico. There is little information available regarding his early years. According to the writings of Giovanni , he was able to read and write at the age of seven, further with Giovanni di Domenico Mazzuoli da Strada he began the study of grammar. (Hutton, E. 12) After that Giovanni was set to study Mathematics and the more he knew about accounting and bookkeeping, the more he hated it. Still hoping to see the son prosperous in a classical way, Giovanni’s father sent him Naples to become a merchant. Giovanni writes later, that â€Å"If my father had dealt wisely with me I might have been among the great poets.† (Hutton, E. 19) Either this way or the other, Giovanni ended up studying law, which, as it seems, he enjoyed no more then banking. The studying of the law allowed him to establish good contact with students. Humanists Barbato da Sulmona and Gio vanni Barrili, and the theologian Dionigi da San Sepolcro should be emphasized when it comes to speaking about the early influences of Boccaccio. Giovanni managed to put up with his stepmother until the moment, when she gave birth to his stepbrother – Francesco. The reflections of Giovanni back on his childhood seem to be filled with grief and sorrow. (Hutton, E. 15-20). Boccaccio saw Maria d'Acquino, a married woman and natural daughter of King Robert, in 1334 for the first time. The woman was the inspiration of his early works, once coming into his life, she never left him. The golden hair, shining eyes, and the milk-white skin, her love was the greatest prize of his youth. (Hutton, E. 30) Even though the fact that Boccaccio found his inspiration in a woman can hardly be doubted, still there is no documental proof that Maria ever existed and was not a product of wild imagination of one of the greatest writers that had ever existed. The reason why particular consideration sh ould be given to the early years of Boccaccio and his first romantic love is that these events pre-determined his further life. Maria introduced Boccaccio to court and merged him to write. 2. Petrarch: Lifelong Friend and Teacher After being called by father back to Florence in 1341, Boccaccio met his lifelong friend and master Petrarch. Undoubtedly, ever since the moment in 1350, when Boccaccio met Petrarch, he was under his influence. This resulted in a

Industrial Revolution and Social Security

Industrial Revolution and Social Security Strengthen Social Security Up until the Industrial Revolution, economic security for most people was maintained by working until old age and then being taken care of by ones’ children and family members. This type of economic uncertainty drastically changed when President Roosevelt pushed for and signed into law the Social Security Act of 1935. During the ceremony for Social Security Act’s signing, President Roosevelt stated that it is â€Å"a law that will take care of human needs and at the same time provide for the United States an economic structure of vastly greater soundness† (Roosevelt, 1935). Roosevelt also states in his speech that while the program is not a safeguard against all economic problems in our future, we do need it to protect our citizens who are or would be unable to work. Since President Roosevelt passed the Social Security Act, there has been much debate in reforming Social Security with many seeking privatization of the program. This paper aims to show why we should not privatize Social Security but, rather, search for alternative means to strengthen it. We need to strengthen Social Security because it has and still protects future benefits against inflation, has proven to reduce poverty for our elderly, and is efficiently and soundly administered. Social Security appears quite similar to an employer-sponsored pension plan on the surface, but they are inherently different. The program calls for individuals to put part of their income aside in the form of a payroll tax while working in which they would receive monthly payments upon retirement. Balancing equity and adequacy is the primary benefit of Social Security. Equity allows people to receive more of what they put into Social Security. Hence, people with higher incomes would also put more into the program and also receive more benefits upon retirement. The Social Security plan, under the system of adequacy, dismisses periods of low income such as when a worker becomes disabled or unemployed. Instead, it uses an increased ratio of income for the poor than the wealthy. In addition, Social Security benefits are indexed against uncertainties regarding length of life and inflation and has proven to be America’s most beneficial program against poverty (Goda, 2011, pg.1). If we privatize Social Security, we would surely erode the basis of ensuring a sufficient base income for people whove struggled their whole lives. Low-income workers would not be able to make enough money to invest into their accounts in order to maintain their standard living for when they choose to retire (Heiger, 1997). Also at a larger risk to poverty during their old age are the people in the middle-class. They would not get equal returns because of the inherent nature of the financial markets, and those who receive negative returns would not be able to survive from other sources (Heiger, 1997). The financial markets fluctuate up and down, and some people would retire with meager returns during long economic downturns such as the Great Recession of 2009. For those who live to be very old, some well into their 80’s and 90’s, they would just outlive their investments. For example, if they dumped their savings into investment vehicles such as annuities during their r etirement, those investments would be greatly reduced by inflation the longer they live. Before Social Security, the highest rates of poverty were in the elderly age group. People dont realize these days that the program had reduced the poverty of elderly Americans from 35 percent to about 10 percent (National, 2012). This percentage falls under the 12 percent value of the American population (Poverty, 2013). Social Security provides for the potentially destitute millions of American elderly, who are no longer able to work and in retirement, the financial stability they need to sustain their lives. Since the elderly do not have to depend on their working children, Social Security also provides an indirect benefit to their off springs. There are two other benefits in which Social Security provides to people under age 65. The first benefit is income during long-term disability and income for a worker’s dependents who die before their retirement (ProCon.org, 2014). This type of benefit also doesn’t carry the stigma of similar programs such as welfare. For middle-class workers that have employer-sponsored retirement programs, Social Security was never meant be a singular source of income during retirement. Social Security’s value is clear when looking at it as a means of income of a retirement investment group. The benefits from Social Security maintain their worth since they are adjusted for the annual cost-of-living while other types of investment assets get eaten away and used up as a person becomes older into retirement. In addition, workers will come to acquire greater individual risks as companies continue to move away from pensions towards 401(k) plans and other types of programs with unreliable payouts (Cammack, 2012). Against that backdrop, the Social Security program carries much more protection against the sway of the economic markets. To denationalize Social Security would be to allow Americans the choice to withhold a small percentage of their pay as an investing into individual accounts, keyword being choice. So what is wrong with giving workers the choice to opt-in or not? This type of reform brings with it steep reductions for the younger workers who elect to stay in the program (Heiger, 1997). Wealthy individuals and workers who have higher incomes would not want to participate in the program but rather â€Å"choose the market-based system† (Heiger, 1997). While it may appear to be a choice, privatizing Social Security would make it such a bad investment for high-income people. They would just all bail out, so they don’t have to invest their earnings to balance the pool for the low-income workers’ retirement pensions (Heiger, 1997). In essence, without universal participation, the financially less-well off would be left to fend for themselves† (Heiger, 1997). There would be a gaping hole of future benefits for low income funders who choose to remain in the program, and this would completely defeat the purpose of the program and eventually dissolve it. The participation of individuals from all income brackets is the reason Social Security works and is sustainable. The program will be similar to welfare if the wealthy and high-income individuals choose to not participate. The participation of individuals from all age groups is another reason Social Security (Rose, 1990). For years now, the retirees of the program were paid by the taxes from workers which is the entire the basis of Social Security. Those workers would, in turn, be paid by the taxes in the next generation of workers for their Social Security retirement benefits. However, in 1983, an increase in age limit for benefits eligibility in addition to payroll taxes being increased were amended to the Social Security Act (Social, 2014). The tax increase brought in surplus money, more than the amount needed to maintain the Social Security benefits at the time. The purpose of the increase â€Å"was to have the Boomers prepay part of their old age benefits† (Johnston, 2012 , pp. 10). The extra money generated from the increased taxes were also used to â€Å"pay off federal debt† and purchase Treasury bonds (Johnston, 2012, pp 10). Essential, the government was lending itself money. This act generated controversy among proponents of Social Security privatization yet it is the same as workers using the money to buy the bonds themselves. The government is required to pay back what it owes and in this case, â€Å"Social Security is virtually risk-free because it is backed by the full faith and credit of the government† (Heiger, 1997). In the end, this principally articulates that the program’s future recipients need the taxes of the workers who come after them to keep the Social Security benefits ongoing. Since its inception, many people such as former Kansas Governor Alf Landon had outspoken views against Social Security (Landon, 1936). Landon and critics of Social Security have argued that the program is a fraud and that the overhead costs are too high to sustain the program. However, the program itself has only seen reductions in administrative expenses year after year and as of 2013 accounted for only 0.7% of the fund’s total expenditures (Kunkel, 2013). This percentage is still below the costs of the average 401(k) fees of 0.72% per year, with highs close to 2% per year, charged by plan administrators (Deloitte, 2009). With such a low overhead cost over private plan administration, the government clearly shows how efficiently it administers the Social Security program. Social Security has definitely provided Americans protection against destitution with adequate supplemental income and allowed people who have worked their entire lives to maintain their standard of living during retirement. While Social Security has undergone many reforms and continues to need improvement, privatization is not the key. In its proven history of increasing efficient, decreasing the poverty of our elderly, and hedging benefits against inflation, Social Security must continue to be strengthened with centralized government policies and administration. To privatize Social Security, to fundamentally take it away from the whole of our nation’s people, would be unconstitutional. Works Cited Cammack, R. (2012, January 5). From defined benefit to defined contribution: a systematic approach to transitioning retirement plans. Retrieved October 1, 2014, from http://www.shrm.org/hrdisciplines/benefits/articles/pages/transitioningplans.aspx Deloitte. (2009). Inside the Structure of Defined Contribution / 401(k) Plan Fees: A Study Assessing the Mechanics of What Drives the All-In Fee. Defined Contribution/401(k) Fee Study. Retrieved October 1, 2014, from http://www.ici.org/pdf/rpt_09_dc_401k_fee_study.pdf Goda, G. S., Shoven, J. B., Slavov, S. N. (2011). HOW WELL ARE SOCIAL SECURITY RECIPIENTS PROTECTED FROM INFLATION?National Tax Journal,64(2), 429-449. Retrieved October 1, 2014 from http://ezproxy.snhu.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/871907293?accountid=3783 Heiger, M., Shipman, W. (1997, July 22). Common objections to a market-based social security system: A response. Retrieved October 1, 2014, from http://www.cato.org/pubs/ssps/ssp10.html Johnston, D. C. (2012, May 12). Social Security is not going broke. Retrieved October 1, 2014, from http://blogs.reuters.com/david-cay-johnston/2012/05/04/social-security-is-not-going-broke/ Works Cited Kennedy, D. M. (2010). A NEW DEAL COMPROMISED.American Heritage,60(2), 26-28. Kunkel, S. (2013, January 28). Social Security Administrative Expenses. Retrieved October 1, 2014, from http://www.ssa.gov/oact/STATS/admin.html Landon, A. M. (1936). I Will Not Promise the Moon: ECONOMIC SECURITY, ADMINISTRATION BILL, REPUBLICAN PROPOSAL.Vital Speeches Of The Day,3(1), 26. Poverty. (2013). InThe encyclopedia of elder care: The comprehensive resource on geriatric health and social care. Retrieved October 1, 2014 from http://ezproxy.snhu.edu/login?qurl=http://search.credoreference.com.ezproxy.snhu.edu/content/entry/spenelderc/poverty/0 ProCon.org, Social Security. (2013, September 12). Privatizing Social Security Pros and Cons [Press release]. Retrieved October 1, 2014, from http://socialsecurity.procon.org/#Background Roosevelt, F. D. (Writer). (1935, August 14). FDR Social Security Act Speech [Television broadcast]. In FDR Social Security Act Speech. Retrieved October 1, 2014, from https://archive.org/details/fdrbig Rose, N. E. (1989). Work relief in the 1930s and the origins of the social security act.Social Service Review,63(1), 63. Retrieved from http://ezproxy.snhu.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1290931445?accountid=3783 Works Cited Social Security (United States). (2014, October 1). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved 10:28, October 1, 2014, from http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Social_Security_(United_States)oldid=629217299

Urban Legend of the Goatman of Beltsville, Maryland :: Urban Legends Ghost Stories

Goatman of Beltsville, Maryland The storyteller told the story of the Goatman from Beltsville story to me. On a summer night in 2005, she and her friend were driving back from a mall. Her friend took a shortcut home to Beltsville, Maryland by way of Callington Road Bridge. While on this shortcut home, her friend stopped the car on the side of road and turned off the headlights. She proceeded to tell the interviewee the story of the Goatman, emphasizing its truthfulness the entire time. After she heard the story, the interviewee never drove across Callington Road Bridge again. The storyteller told me the story of the Goatman in a mutual friend’s dorm room at night. I had come to the dorm room to ask my friend if he knew any urban legends of ghost stories from around campus or the state of Maryland. The storyteller, a 21-year-old biology major, shouted excitedly from the couch that she knew one. She is from Beltsville, Maryland. Her mother is a lawyer and her father is a math professor. My friend and I sat down on the couch and listened intently as she told the story: The Goatman from Beltsville. In the 1970s, a crazy doctor did a genetic experiment. The doctor bred a goat with a human by fusing the two embryos. A baby was born half human and half goat. It had horns, really thick hair on its face, a tail, sharp teeth, and a temper. The deformed baby grew into a really gross guy. As Goatman grew older he became more and more violent until finally the doctor kicked him out. After that, the Goatman retreated into the forest to live. He eats cats and dogs as his main source of food, and from time to time he eats humans walking alone at night along this one road commonly known as Goatman Hallow (Callington Road Bridge). Goatman is bloodthirsty, fearless, and always on the prowl. Sometimes he wanders into people’s back yards and eats their pets. Owners will find their pets the next day with only the carcasses remaining. Kids are warned not to take the shortcut home through the forest because Goatman might eat them. One time a few kids took the shortcut home at night and this one kid fell behind.

The Big Green Arm Chair

The Big Green Armchair a) i. The mood of the setting ii. â€Å"Staring into the grim winter/ Only slate – grey skies† iii. The author uses adjectives like â€Å"grim† and â€Å"slate – grey† to describe the winter’s day, which conveys a very dull and dreary mood. The author compares the grim winter’s day and the dull mood to the old woman. This helps the reader understand how the woman is feeling. b) The author creates a dull mood by describing in detail what the old woman sees outside the window. Staring into the grim winter, she sees no flowering plants. There are no colours, only slate – grey skies and bare, brown trunks. There are no buzzing cicadas or cheeky kookaburras singing and darting between the trees. This shows the reader that the old woman misses this time of the year. The use of repetition â€Å"There are no colors/ There are no buzzing cicadas†¦ † The use of repetition â€Å"There are no colors/ Ther e are no buzzing†¦Ã¢â‚¬  emphasizes the dullness of mood.This descriptive style of writing makes the reader picture the dull and gray setting and the old woman looking out of the window. c) The author writes in third person and uses past tense half way through the text which creates a nostalgic feeling which the old woman is going through. The use of adjectives and descriptive sentences like â€Å"summer was bright and lively† and â€Å"ruby red gerberas burst through the green gardens and purple flowers blanketed the huge jacaranda tree†, adds to the nostalgia and creates imagery.The author makes the reader visualize the bright sun and the blooming flowers. The use of sensory descriptive words like â€Å"the smell of meat sizzling on the barbeque lingered in the air† and â€Å"eating mouthwatering prawns† makes the reader imagine the smell of the barbequed meat and the taste of the prawns. This shows that the old woman misses those days and that th ose days are now memories that make her happy and comfort her.

Free Essays on The Gods Must Be Crazy

In their mythology, God created all of southern Africa for the San (Bushmen). Then he created the San, and then he created the San’s animals for and even from the San. They believe God left them to guard it all, which they did for years, until we (the more advanced people) arrived. The Bushmen are the world’s oldest surviving pragmatic environmentalists. The Bushmen are some of the last nomadic hunter-gatherers on earth. But let’s not forget that before the start of the Agricultural Revolution, all humans were hunters-gatherers. The Agricultural Revolution entailed humans first discovering the technology of domesticating plants and/or animals. The result was mankind becoming more sedentary vs. nomadic. This led to a significant increase in our population growth. At the start of the Agricultural Revolution, the Bushmen had all of Africa up to the southern edge of the Sahara, except for the Pygmies occupying the Congo, and the Bantu black having only the western most west of Africa. The majority of the Sans were ethnically cleansed for their land in South Africa by the Dutch who landed in 1652, invading from the south, and by the Zulus and other black migrating from the north. By 1890, the last of the Bushmen had been exterminated in South Africa, leaving only their haunting rock paintings and a few of their genes. The last of the Bushmen survived into the 20th century only in the world’s fourth largest desert, the Kalahari, despite the bounty on their heads in the early 1900’s. This was simply because it was a harsh daunting land avoided by all others. The Bushmen learned to live despite there being no surface water. The 70,000 or so Kalahari Bushmen that survive today are in Botswana, Namibia and a few in Angola, Zimbabwe and Zambia. The various Bushmen groups live in the desert areas of Namibia, Botswana and Angola. The Bushmen, originally known as the Sans, were given their name by the Dutch in South Africa. Eve... Free Essays on The Gods Must Be Crazy Free Essays on The Gods Must Be Crazy In their mythology, God created all of southern Africa for the San (Bushmen). Then he created the San, and then he created the San’s animals for and even from the San. They believe God left them to guard it all, which they did for years, until we (the more advanced people) arrived. The Bushmen are the world’s oldest surviving pragmatic environmentalists. The Bushmen are some of the last nomadic hunter-gatherers on earth. But let’s not forget that before the start of the Agricultural Revolution, all humans were hunters-gatherers. The Agricultural Revolution entailed humans first discovering the technology of domesticating plants and/or animals. The result was mankind becoming more sedentary vs. nomadic. This led to a significant increase in our population growth. At the start of the Agricultural Revolution, the Bushmen had all of Africa up to the southern edge of the Sahara, except for the Pygmies occupying the Congo, and the Bantu black having only the western most west of Africa. The majority of the Sans were ethnically cleansed for their land in South Africa by the Dutch who landed in 1652, invading from the south, and by the Zulus and other black migrating from the north. By 1890, the last of the Bushmen had been exterminated in South Africa, leaving only their haunting rock paintings and a few of their genes. The last of the Bushmen survived into the 20th century only in the world’s fourth largest desert, the Kalahari, despite the bounty on their heads in the early 1900’s. This was simply because it was a harsh daunting land avoided by all others. The Bushmen learned to live despite there being no surface water. The 70,000 or so Kalahari Bushmen that survive today are in Botswana, Namibia and a few in Angola, Zimbabwe and Zambia. The various Bushmen groups live in the desert areas of Namibia, Botswana and Angola. The Bushmen, originally known as the Sans, were given their name by the Dutch in South Africa. Eve...

Therapeutic Relationship Essay Example

Therapeutic Relationship Essay Example Therapeutic Relationship Paper Therapeutic Relationship Paper Person centred counselling originated and was evolved on the ideas of American psychologist Carl Rogers. The influences on Carl Rogers and he’s conceptualisation of Person centred counselling are numerous, from his early family life living on a farm, his interest and involvement in theology and his formative professional career. One incident which appears to have had a particular impact on Carl Rogers was when working in his first job as a psychologist, at Rochester New York, for an organisation for the prevention of cruelty to children, whilst working with a parent (Kirshenbaum H, et al. 1989). At this stage in his career Carl Rogers, being trained in or influenced by the tradition of psychoanalysis, was essentially working in a diagnostic and interpretative way, helping a child or parent gain insight or an intellectual understanding of their own behaviour and what was unconsciously driving or motivating it (Thorne B 2002) . He formalised that the problem with the child stemmed from the Mother’s rejection of the child in his early years. But despite a number of sessions was unable to help the Mother gain this insight. He concluded that it wasn’t working and finally gave up. The Mother was leaving when she asked Carl Rogers if he takes adults for counselling. He began working with the mother, where she subsequently expressed her despair of unhappiness and feelings of failure, which was more emotive and authentic in expression, than the previously intellectual and matter of fact account given previously of her history and current life. Carl Rogers said that ‘real therapy’ began at this moment and concluded in a successful outcome (Kirshenbaum H, et al. 1990). This is Carl Roger’s view and what he learned from this experience: â€Å"This incident was one of a number which helped me to experience the fact- only fully realized later- that is the client who knows what hurts, what directions to go, what problems are crucial, what experiences have been deeply buried. It began to occur to me that unless I had a need to demonstrate my own cleverness and learning, I would do better to rely upon the client for the direction of movement in the process†. (Kirshenbaum H, et al. 1990 p13). This statement is arguably the beginnings of what, in many ways would later define and becomes a way of working within person centred therapy – that is a therapy that allows the client to be whom the client is, without any active direction from the therapist. Carl Rogers through clinical experience, research and development later defined his model of therapy. He based it upon the principles of a person as having at it’s a core an instinctive tendency towards growth, to fulfilling their potential as a person in what he termed ‘self actualisation’ (Mearns D, et al.1988). Carl Rogers believed that every living organism has a desire to increase, widen and broaden. Essentially, a fundamental urge to improve upon itself and that although, in the case of human beings, this urge may be buried or hidden by multiple psychological structures and conflicts, he strongly believed in the existence of this actualisation tendency in all of us and that given the correct conditions, it could be freed and realised in all of us (Rogers C 1961- becoming a person). Personally, I have recognised a need to develop and grow within myself for sometime and this has again been highlighted to me during this term. The more I become aware of my insecurities and pre judgements, the greater the desire to become bigger than them only becomes more apparent to me. Through my clinical experience working with adults with mental health problems, I have certainly recognised a desire in many, to become bigger or more than their issues, although, I am not certain if that was a desire to escape from their often intolerable suffering, or a fundamental need to self actualise†¦ at the very least, I would suggest self actualisation is an entirely relative supposition and will differ from person to person, dependent upon their own experiences, circumstances and perhaps even expectations. These correct conditions which are required within person centred therapy in order that the client can achieve self actualisation and personality change were outlined by Carl Rogers and he believed that if this 6 conditions were met, it would facilitate change within the client: Two persons are in psychological contact- both client and counsellor are present physically and psychologically. The client is in a state of incongruence, (which will be discussed in more detail) the communication of the counsellor’s empathetic understanding and unconditional positive regard is met at a minimal level. The last condition mentioned involves 3 other conditions, which are essential attitudes and qualities necessary for the counsellor to posses for successful therapy; empathic understanding, unconditional positive regard and congruence. (Rogers C, 1957). Before looking at the latter 3 in more detail, it is important to understand Carl Rogers’s view of the person and perhaps what is ultimately bringing the client to therapy. Carl Rogers believed that there is incongruence between the self that is the actualisation part, that has a desire to grow, is open to experiencing in the moment and ultimately psychological well being and the actual experience of the self. He believed this effect was caused by ‘conditions of worth’, by external expectations, such as by parents and teachers, i. e. if you behave in a certain way that pleases me, that perhaps doesn’t evoke anxieties in me, you are a good boy- there are certain ‘conditions’ attached to being in this relationship- the child tries to internalise these conditions in order to maintain the relationship (Mearns D 1994- developing PC). Consequently, people deny or distort the experiences to their selves, which differ to how we are supposed or are conditioned to be. Therefore, Carl Rogers believed that we begin to believe in what we are not and refute who we really are (Mearns D 1994). The person has a fixed and inflexible view, or self concept (Rogers C 1980). It’s almost as if the person is driven in implementing or adopting certain behaviours in order to be accepted or loved and denying, or at the cost of their true self and feelings. This is the state of incongruence Rogers was referring as apart of the necessary conditions. Carl Rogers recognised, through his development of this approach, that distinctive and essential qualities are necessary within the therapist, for successful therapy and to facilitate character change. The emphasis being on the therapist’s attitude towards the client, as opposed to any technical skills or interventions, in comparison to many other modalities. As already mentioned, the key attitudes or qualities being empathy, congruence and unconditional positive regard (Rogers C 1980). Empathy can be considered as having an ability to perceive and understand in the other person their feelings, experiences and their meaning to that person. To understand the internal world of that person, to be fully aware of the feelings they are experiencing, their anger or sadness for example, as if they are your own, but being aware that they are the clients, in order that your own feelings do not become the focus or blur the clients own experiencing (Rogers C, 1957). To absolutely see from the clients view, the feelings they may have from their position or personal experiencing, but recognising them as separate from your own. I recall a moment during this term, when in skills practise, being in the ‘client role’, when I received empathy. I was speaking about a personal situation, which I was aware on some level had meaning to me, but wasn’t fully aware of, or experiencing the feelings relating to this meaning. My perception later was that the person listened so intently, was so with me in trying to make sense of my situation, that they really did know and fully understand how it must feel for me. It was almost if I had no choice in allowing my feelings to be present, to come to my awareness and I was left with a sense of loss, feelings of loss, that I wasn’t aware of and made tremendous sense to my circumstances and why I had some anxiety and confusion in relation to this particular issue. This highlights for me how powerful empathy can be, as well as actively listening to and showing an interest sufficient in trying to understand the client, but also how it has the potential to provoke in the client in becoming aware of hidden feelings or realisations. Unconditional positive regard (UPR) is another important aspect and described as having total acceptance of the client, without conditions, whoever and whatever the client is, or how they may behave. An acceptance of not what they may or could be, but as they are now, regardless of what desired qualities the counsellor may wish for. It means total respect and valuing the person, without judgement. It also involves a sense of genuine care and wanting the best for them, including warmth for the person (Rogers C 1961). David Mearns talks about the often confusion in trainees, when understanding UPR, with a statement such as, ‘how is it possible to like all my clients’? He makes a distinction that liking is generally selective, as we perceive a similarity in values and complementary needs and UPR and liking are two very different concepts (Mearns D 1994). Unconditional positive regard is completely about valuing the person, without conditions, with all the facets of the person, their struggles, protective layers, confusion and perhaps inconsistencies. This unconditional stance is a contradiction to the conditions of worth spoken of earlier and is a vital component of person centred counselling (Kulewicz S, 1989). If a client is holding a believe that they will only be accepted, depending on the condition of others, essentially they do not see themselves as being wholly acceptable. The stance and communication of UPR can break this believe and the client is able to be in a relationship, with the counsellor accepting them without conditions (Rogers C 1961). If the counsellor is consistently valuing the client, the client perhaps has no reason for the protective layers and can be more open to their own inner experiences. Also, I wonder if the counsellor is almost giving permission and communicating a message to the client that it is ok to accept who they truly are. Another essential attitude for the counsellor, recognised by Rogers is congruence. This is the counsellor being who they are, no facade or ‘professional’ barrier. The counsellor is open and genuine in the relationship, allowing all feelings and thoughts to be in his awareness and available to him (Rogers C 1961). It’s being present with yourself and owning your feelings, not necessarily expressing what you are experiencing at the time to the client, but also not denying it. How congruence is conveyed is ultimately depended upon the counsellor themselves and when appropriate. It is about allowing a trust to be formed with the client, without pretences, where the counsellor is being human and willing to be seen (Thorne B 2002). If the counsellor is willing to acknowledge his feelings, strengths, perhaps their mistakes or weakness, it can not only allow for a more open and flowing relationship, but again I see this as perhaps giving permission to the client to embrace themselves, their strengths and weaknesses. How this differs from a helping relationship, are mainly the quality of contact and the nature of the differences in relationship. What if our client seeks help from a non person centred counsellor, perhaps a professionally respected person, a Doctor, teacher, perhaps even a work place manager, or colleague. They will listen, perhaps are sympathetic, are likely to offer advice and some direction the person may take in order to resolve their problem. But there is no ongoing process, no consistency of a relationship, with all the qualities discussed, empathy, UPR and congruence. The person centred therapist offers a safe and non judgemental relationship, with the client being valued for who they are, where they can grow in understanding of themselves, gain insight and become psychological stronger and independent. A helping relationship, although perhaps useful and supportive, will not facilitate change and allow a person to grow. In conclusion, person centred therapy is about an effective relationship, or aspires to be one, in which a person through experiencing a positive connection with another person, namely the therapist, receives deep empathy, understanding and genuine care. This enables a person to question or challenge their self concepts, to begin to experience buried or hidden feelings and gain a deeper understanding of themselves, with more acceptances and the autonomy to live without fear of their own feelings and perhaps their truer selves. It is without any difficulty from me to admire the sheer humanity of what Carl Rogers achieved with person centred therapy, the whole ethos of accepting and allowing the person to grow through such a positive and caring relationship. It appears to me that this is an incredibly challenging model of therapy, for both client and therapist. For the client the person centred therapist may appear safe and accepting, even inoffensive or unchallenging to his protective mechanisms or fixed self concepts, but that is perhaps the greatest challenge to the client, who may want answers or ways of dealing with their issues, perhaps unbearable anxiety and will perhaps look to the therapist for solutions and will find the person centred therapist completely and deeply sharing their distress, but essentially leaving it with client to be able to tolerate and accept for themselves, with of course as discussed, with the intention for the client to grow, understand the meaning behind their distress and ultimately in becoming psychologically independent. I would imagine, at least initially or in the short term, it must be difficult for the client, who is still searching and looking outside of himself, for the apparent safety and false ‘conditions’ that will make it all well again. For the therapist, the challenge is potentially numerous, but what I recognise is the trust he must have in the process of person centred therapy, in maintaining all the attitudes as discussed and consistently so. I can see that taking great strength and discipline, when he could perhaps temptingly turn to direction and advice giving. I am also left wondering if the strengths within PC therapy are also its weaknesses. The quality of therapy can only be as effective as the quality of therapist, or the limitations of the therapist. This could be said of other therapies, but for example, the CBT therapist has a direction and structure to fall back on. The challenge to the PC therapist is to be constantly growing and developing, as there is such a dependence upon who they are in the relationship. References: Kirshenbaum, H. and Henderson, V. L. (1989) The Carl Rogers reader Bury St. Edmunds: St Edmundsbury Press Limited. Kulewicz, S. F. (1989) The twelve core functions of a Counselor (5th Edn). Marlborough, CT: Counselor Publications. Mearns, D. and Thorne, B. (1988) Person-centred counselling in Action (3rd Edn). London: Sage Publications Ltd. Mearns, D. (1994) Developing Person Centred counselling (2nd Edn). London: Sage Publications Ltd. Rogers, C. R. (1957) The Necessary and Sufficient Conditions of Therapeutic Personality Change Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology Vol. 60, No. 6, 827-832. Rogers, C. R. (1961) On Becoming a Person London: Constable Robinson Ltd. Rogers, C. R. (1980) A way of Being Boston: Houghton and Mifflin Company. Rogers, C. R. (1980) Client Centred psychotherapy In: Kaplan, H. I. et al, ceds, Comprehensive text book of Psychiatry (3rd Edn). Baltimore: Williams Wilkins Co. Thorne, B. Dryden, W. (2002) Person Centred Counselling in W. Dryden Handbook of Individual Therapy (4th Edn). London: Sage. pp. 131-157.

Abnormalities in returns and gains in financial markets Assignment

Abnormalities in returns and gains in financial markets - Assignment Example Questionable interests have been raised as a means of gaining an insight in causes of the abnormalities in the financial market studies. Much of the interest raised has been directed towards understanding the nature of the gains on both the two major types of offers. It is important to know whether the gains are truly anomalous or whether they are communal with the firms that are nonevent with features that are connected to the average returns. According to Famar & French (1993), book to market equity and size are the two variables believed to have connection with the average stock return (ASR). The long term buy and hold returns only apply for the size and this may result to the outcome being affected by additional variables that are common with the average return. Famar and French’s research aimed at comparing the half a decade period buy-and-hold gains on initial public offers that had gains on portfolios that matched the initial public offers on size and book to market equ ity. The two types of public offers were not considered in the research. The study led to helpful findings. A half decade relative wealth increased from a percentage of seven to about a hundred percent. The study showed that buy and hold gains on securities equity discount are almost equal to the one produced by the non event portfolios with common size and BE/ME. Independent studies conducted by different researchers led to the deduction that the two types of public offers were minimal growth stocks.

Interprofessional Education Workshop Assignment

Interprofessional Education Workshop - Assignment Example The first way in which the workshop expressions show a need to fill the gap of the health profession with the right education is through the roles of each individual. In the first segment of the workshop, basic introductions and expectations of the field which one was studying were given. During this part of the workshop, each individual stated their field of study and how this would be used in the profession after graduation. It could instantly be seen that there was a gap in the understanding of what each individual was doing. In one participant describing the pharmaceutical role she played, others questioned what that meant and what she would be doing. The discussion led to the need to define why the individual was in the group, how it related to medicine and what the expectations were. Even though the individual would be in a health department and team, the collaboration was limited by the inability to understand the specialization that each of the members had. If there are these gaps with the basic job descriptions and roles which each individual holds, then it won’t provide the right support for patients while working in a health professional setting. The concept of interprofessional education works by filling this gap so basic introductions of those working in the field are understood. The practice of knowing what each individual is required to do is one of the ways in which the gap is shortened while in the field. This is combined with understanding what an individual has the capacity of doing while in the field. The practice of collaboration that the education offers is the beginning to understanding the processes which each individual should go through while building a basic understanding of what the roles of the professionals are within a health setting (D’amour, Oandasan, 2005, 8).  

Quantitative and Qualitative Research Assignment

Quantitative and Qualitative Research - Assignment Example It examines the experience of individuals delivering and receiving nursing care. The methods used to carry out qualitative research are case studies, interviews, ethnography and focus groups. On the other hand, quantitative study mainly focuses on measurable client outcomes and mainly uses statistics. However, bias is encountered when carrying out nursing research. When conducting a quantitative research, there are two main types of bias that may be encountered: random and systematic bias. Random bias takes place when a researcher assumes particular data. This happens wherebys the assumption made is not a precise representation of what is in the research. An example of a random bias is food diaries. Food diaries are inaccurate because people tend to over represent or under represent food consumption. However, this bias can be avoided by taking photographs of every study (Campbell & Campbell, 2006). On the other hand, systematic bias is a bit different. According to a study conducted by Dr. Colin Campbell, he stated that there were defects in the consumption of animal protein. However, Minger (2011) carried out a research on the same topic as Campbell and stated that the consumption of proteins and other foods was positively correlated. Systematic bias can be prevented by multiple null-hypothesis, re-utilization and utilization based on ongoing collection of data. All data should also be represented irrespective of the nature. There are various types of bias, which are associated with qualitative research. This bias’ can be experienced during the pre-trial, the clinical trial and after a trial. Examples of bias encountered during pre-trial stage may be as a result of study design, selection and channeling. There are other subtypes of bias which occur during the clinical trial. They include interviewer bias, transfer bias, recall bias and chronology bias. Bias after a trial may involve confounding and citation bias. When conducting a nursing research, bias

The Age of Philosophy Essay Example for Free

The Age of Philosophy Essay The term philosophy was brought about from the ancient Greeks meaning â€Å"wisdom of love. † The true nature behind this social science is to use reason and logic to fully understand certain things. It is the study of knowledge, reality, and existence, especially as an academic discipline. The question every philosopher wants answered is, â€Å"How do we know the knowledge that we do? † There is a process they go through to help them understand this phenomenon. They first examine their own beliefs and find doubt within them. Questions begin to emerge which causes them to analyze each question to a precise answer. They make reasoned arguments for their answers and begin to hear criticism from others. Through the judgment and criticism, they prove the rationality of their beliefs and find the fundamental truths to understand the phenomenon. When studying philosophy, asking a question is more fundamentally important than answering. Questions bring about skepticism, which brings up opposing views and Philosophy relies on rational argument to fully understand a concept. Philosophy is said to have six main branches of thought embedded in it: metaphysics, which is the nature of reality and the universe, epistemology, which is the study of knowledge and how it is acquired, and logic, which is how to get a valid argument. There is also: ethics, which is the study of right and wrong and how people should live, politics, which is the study of government and citizen rights, and aesthetics, which is the artistic perception of a person or thing. Plato, Descartes, and Bell Hooks are three philosophers whose work is evolved around these concepts. Their train of thought explains how each of these can have a part in real life; their works dive into the depths of each concept and allows them to generate a mindset of fundamental truths. Plato was amongst the earliest philosophers who were a student of Socrates. He was not only a philosopher, but a mathematician as well. He also was the founder of the Academy in Athens, Greece. Plato helped shaped and laid the foundations of Western philosophy. His dialogues have been used to teach many subjects, including philosophy, logic, ethics, and mathematics. This philosopher used interplay of ethics and epistemology throughout the works of his that we studied. In his work , Crito, for instance he spoke on the subject of rationality. In this work, Socrates reminds Crito that his actions have followed certain reasons. This means that everything he has always done has been what his inquiries led him to do. He goes on to explain that he does not act on impulse, but by argument, because if he acted on impulse, he would throw away his past and he does not want to rationalize his escape. Socrates wanted to find a common ground with Crito so they could decide what to do together. This can be called dialectical Rationality, which could be described as moving from what we do agree on, to what we didn’t agree on. Socrates wanted the situation to end where both he and Crito both were satisfied that the best thing was done. This ethical decision ties into epistemology, because this concept deals with things that must be proved by a justification, one that is brought on by the inquires of Crito. On the subject of metaphysics, Plato also argued that essences are mind-independent forms that humans can come to know by reason and by ignoring distractions. He based his works off of essence, which is the set of attributes that make an object what it fundamentally is. The Allegory of the Cave is a good example of this, because it depicts the difference between appearance and reality. The shadows on the wall were just forms that he saw, but the reality was, there was a whole world beyond those shadows. Ethics, plays a role in this story as well, because the reality was the truth of the knowledge one is supposed to live by, as opposed to a life in the shadows. The Father of Modern Philosophy, Rene Descartes, is a French philosopher that integrates a few of the six main branches of thought into his works. Aside from his philosophical works, he is known for developing the Cartesian coordinate system during his time as a mathematician. This system gave reference to points in space, allowed algebraic equations to be expressed as geometric shapes, and for shapes to be described as equations. From the philosophical standpoint, Descartes is widely known for his work, Meditations on First Philosophy. In these six meditations, Descartes rejects all belief in things that he doesn’t know for certain and then tries to ascertain what he can know for sure. He gives an example of metaphysics when he talks about objective and formal reality in meditation three. He describes objective as the content or idea of an object. Formal has the meaning that the object actually exists in its own right. It is independent of being perceived. These two expressions speak of the general features of reality in terms of existence and objects and their properties. Descartes also takes metaphysics into account when trying to discover who he is. He claims that eating, walking, and sight are not his attributes, but thinking is. He says that he exists, because he is a thinking thing. He says what he imagines may be false, but since he exists that which he imagines can’t be. Logic and Epistemology are seen when he involves the big â€Å"Reductio Ad Absurdum† in meditation two. He uses skepticism to justify and refute more skepticism. In meditation one he doubts everything, but he runs into absurdity in meditation two. He can’t be deceived of existing if he has to exist to be deceived. He illustrates this concept when describing the ball of wax. The wax has certain qualities, such as, taste, smell, and color that we take very real. However, as it is taken near a fire, those qualities change, but the same piece of wax still remains. The true essence of the wax is what exists independently of our perceptions of it. It is about the substance underneath the qualities we perceive. We recognize the true essence of the wax through our intellect. Our mind is what perceives the reality. Bell Hooks is the third and final author of my paper. She is not only an author, but a feminist and social activist as well. All of her writings are on the interconnectivity of race, capitalism and gender and how they have the ability to produce and perpetuate systems of oppression. She writes through a postmodern perspective and is well known for her book, Teaching to Transgress. This text enriches the concepts of ethics and politics in the philosophy definition. She pushes for a more holistic education in terms of ethic. She believes teachers should teach not to just share information, but to share intellect that helps the students grow. Hooks says that learning is easier if the teacher â€Å"respects and cares for the soul of their students. † Also in the ethic category would be her perception of authenticity and commitment in the classroom. Teachers should be committed to who they are and their well being. If a teacher has that overall stature and attitude, it will empower the students to learn more. Hooks also paid close attention to the eroticism in the classroom, as well as the emotion and feelings of students. She believes having them aware of certain things will help them gain insight on important information that they may need in particular situations in their lives. Moving onto more of the political side of Bell Hook’s writing, she discusses when the schools became intergraded. Being a feminist, she believed that woman should have the same rights and opportunities as men. Hooks main discussion on integration was how the teachers were disrespected. She spoke on how the teachers should morally be treated as. Also from her political standpoint, she wanted to educate for liberation. This meaning, she thought women should have the same educational rights as men. She thought women should have the right to become anything she wanted to be without being looked down upon about her gender. In this text, she stood on a platform for women’s progress, as well as, a platform for a more morally correct educational atmosphere. These three philosophers have different expressions of the six main branches of philosophy. Their works go beyond the norm to explain their personal views in a way that depicts the true essence of philosophy. Their views study the nature and scope of knowledge and help us to explain the reality of how we know certain things. It also helps us to explain how rational arguments lead to a more, morally correct answer to any question. Philosophy has been a big subject to study over the years. It teaches life lessons that can be used by every individual. Bertrand Russell couldn’t have said it better in his quote, â€Å"To teach how to live without certainty and yet without being paralyzed by hesitation is perhaps the chief thing that philosophy, in our age, can do for those who study it. †